When vendors develop operating systems and applications, they may make coding mistakes that lead to vulnerabilities. Malicious actors can take advantage of this by developing malicious code to exploit any vulnerabilities that have not been detected and remedied by vendors. As significant time and effort is often involved in developing functioning and reliable exploits, malicious actors will often attempt to reuse their exploits as much as possible. While exploits may have been previously identified by security vendors, they often remain viable against an organisation that does not have an antivirus application in place.
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