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  1. Frameworks
  2. >ATTACK
  3. >Reconnaissance
  4. >ATTACK-T1596.004
ATTACK-T1596.004Active

CDNs

Statement

Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting. CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers. CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor’s geographical region.

Adversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN. Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization’s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: Active Scanning or Search Open Websites/Domains), establishing operational resources (ex: Acquire Infrastructure or Compromise Infrastructure), and/or initial access (ex: Drive-by Compromise).

Location

Tactic
Reconnaissance

Technique Details

Identifier
ATTACK-T1596.004
Parent Technique
ATTACK-T1596
ATT&CK Page
View on MITRE

Tactics

Reconnaissance

Platforms

PRE

Detection

Detection of CDNs

Mitigations

Pre-compromise: Pre-compromise mitigations involve proactive measures and defenses implemented to prevent adversaries from successfully identifying and exploiting weaknesses during the Reconnaissance and Resource Development phases of an attack. These activities focus on reducing an organization's attack surface, identify adversarial preparation efforts, and increase the difficulty for attackers to conduct successful operations. This mitigation can be implemented through the following measures:

Limit Information Exposure:

  • Regularly audit and sanitize publicly available data, including job posts, websites, and social media.
  • Use tools like OSINT monitoring platforms (e.g., SpiderFoot, Recon-ng) to identify leaked information.

Protect Domain and DNS Infrastructure:

  • Enable DNSSEC and use WHOIS privacy protection.
  • Monitor for domain hijacking or lookalike domains using services like RiskIQ or DomainTools.

External Monitoring:

  • Use tools like Shodan, Censys to monitor your external attack surface.
  • Deploy external vulnerability scanners to proactively address weaknesses.

Threat Intelligence:

  • Leverage platforms like MISP, Recorded Future, or Anomali to track adversarial infrastructure, tools, and activity.

Content and Email Protections:

  • Use email security solutions like Proofpoint, Microsoft Defender for Office 365, or Mimecast.
  • Enforce SPF/DKIM/DMARC policies to protect against email spoofing.

Training and Awareness:

  • Educate employees on identifying phishing attempts, securing their social media, and avoiding information leaks.

No cross-framework mappings available

← Back to Reconnaissance
Reconnaissance45 controls
ATTACK-T1589Gather Victim Identity InformationATTACK-T1589.001CredentialsATTACK-T1589.002Email AddressesATTACK-T1589.003Employee NamesATTACK-T1590Gather Victim Network InformationATTACK-T1590.001Domain PropertiesATTACK-T1590.002DNSATTACK-T1590.003Network Trust DependenciesATTACK-T1590.004Network TopologyATTACK-T1590.005IP AddressesATTACK-T1590.006Network Security AppliancesATTACK-T1591Gather Victim Org InformationATTACK-T1591.001Determine Physical LocationsATTACK-T1591.002Business RelationshipsATTACK-T1591.003Identify Business TempoATTACK-T1591.004Identify RolesATTACK-T1592Gather Victim Host InformationATTACK-T1592.001HardwareATTACK-T1592.002SoftwareATTACK-T1592.003FirmwareATTACK-T1592.004Client ConfigurationsATTACK-T1593Search Open Websites/DomainsATTACK-T1593.001Social MediaATTACK-T1593.002Search EnginesATTACK-T1593.003Code RepositoriesATTACK-T1594Search Victim-Owned WebsitesATTACK-T1595Active ScanningATTACK-T1595.001Scanning IP BlocksATTACK-T1595.002Vulnerability ScanningATTACK-T1595.003Wordlist ScanningATTACK-T1596Search Open Technical DatabasesATTACK-T1596.001DNS/Passive DNSATTACK-T1596.002WHOISATTACK-T1596.003Digital CertificatesATTACK-T1596.004CDNsATTACK-T1596.005Scan DatabasesATTACK-T1597Search Closed SourcesATTACK-T1597.001Threat Intel VendorsATTACK-T1597.002Purchase Technical DataATTACK-T1598Phishing for InformationATTACK-T1598.001Spearphishing ServiceATTACK-T1598.002Spearphishing AttachmentATTACK-T1598.003Spearphishing LinkATTACK-T1598.004Spearphishing VoiceATTACK-T1681Search Threat Vendor Data